SIPROTEC 5 & DIGSI 5 Training by Dr. Saeed Roostaee #F111

Power System Protection & Automation with Saeed Method

Course Code: F111

SIPROTEC 5 & DIGSI 5 Training by Dr. Saeed Roostaee

INTRODUCTION TO POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION
 Importance of the Protection System
 References
 HV equipment
 Protection Panel
 Protection Single Line Diagram
 What do we want to protect?
 Function of protection systems
 Protection system elements
 How does the protection system work?

INTRODUCTION TO NUMERICAL RELAY IEDS
 Structure of Numerical Relay
 Architecture of the Numerical Relay Multifunction Protection Relays
 Example: Feeder Protection
 Block diagram for typical numerical relays
 Digital Phasor Measurement
 Numerical Relay Calculations

SIPROTEC RELAY FAMILIES
 Properties of SIPROTEC 5
 SIPROTEC 5 expansion modules
 Modular device concept, freely configurable
 Devices without Jumpers- no more opening of the device
 Sampling rate up to 16 kHz
 Draw out of the terminal blocks
 On-Site operation panel
 IEC61850 Certification

HARDWARE CONNECTIONS
 Power supply connections
 Current Transformer Terminals
 4 protection-class current transformers
 3 protection-class current transformers + 1 sensitive protection-class transformer
 4 instrument transformers.
 Connection Diagrams
 3 Phase + IN
 3 Phase
 3 Phase + IN separate
 Set test sequence & Monitor Current signals
 Phase sequence
 Neutral point in dir. Of object
 Inverted phases
 Connection Examples of Voltage Transformers
 3-phase to ground voltages
 3-phase to ground volt. + VN
 2 ph-ph volt.
 2 ph-ph volt. +VN

RELAY MEASUREMENTS
 Operational Measured Values
 Fundamental Components
 Symmetrical Components
 Inject the three-phase values into the relay and monitor the relay measurements
 Monitor relay phasor values
 Relay binary inputs/outputs test
 Operational value in the relay
 Check phasor values in the relay

START WITH DIGSI 5
 DIGSI 5 installation
 Transfer License
 SIPROTEC drivers
 Manage device drivers
 Upgrade DIGSI 5 Version
 Backup location of DIGSI DDD files
 Install Online Help DDD Files
 DIGSI 5 General Settings
 User interface language
 Standard Unit System
 DIGSI 5 User interface
 Start with DIGSI 5
 DIGSI 5 function library
 Function Point
 Embedding of Functions in the Device

WORKING ONLINE WITH THE RELAY
 Assign an online device to the project
 Copy the online device to the project
 Change Device mode
 SIPROTEC 5 Web browser
 Set date and time
 Monitor binary inputs, outputs, and LEDs
 Change parameters in the relays
 Reading Indications from the PC
 Operational Log
 Fault Log
 Ground-Fault Log
 Fault Recording
 Fault recorder settings
 Fault recorder config
 Download fault records
 Indication snapshots

RELAY CONFIGURATION
 SIPROTEC 5 config procedure
 Application templates
 7SJ8 Application Template
 7UM8 Application Template
 7UT8 Application Template
 7SA8 Application Template
 Export template

IMPLEMENT A SIMPLE OVERCURRENT IN CFC
 Add new chart
 Event Triggered
 High-priority Event Triggered
 Low Priority cyclic triggered
 Low-priority Event Triggered
 Overcurrent signals
 Create function groups
 Create OC signals
 Create OC logic in CFC
 Config OC Logs
 Optimize chart
 Compile logic
 Protect CFC

OVERCURRENT DEFINITE TIME ANSI 50
 Overcurrent DT 50
 How to configure OC protection
 How to test OC protection

FUNCTION CONTROL
 Not Active
 health state Alarm
 Block input
 Block delay & operation
 Operate & flt.rec. blocked
 Test mode
 Oper.bin.outp. under test

SYMBOL & TEXT STRUCTURE
 Parameters with setting values
 State logic
 Health
 External binary input signal with an indication number
 External output signal with indication number and additional information
 Measured output value
 Binary input signal derived from an external output signal
 Internal input signal
 Internal output signal
 Analog input signal
 Reset/block a logic element
 AND / OR / XOR / Negation
 Threshold stage exceeded
 Threshold stage exceeded with reset of input
 Threshold stage shortfall
 Threshold stage shortfall with reset of input
 Threshold stage exceeded with dropout delay
 Threshold stage exceeded with dropout delay and reset of input
 Threshold stage shortfall with dropout delay
 Threshold stage shortfall with dropout delay and reset of input
 Comparators
 Pickup delay
 Dropout delay
 Pickup and dropout delay
 Trigger the pulse of duration T with a positive signal edge
 Trigger the pulse of duration T with a negative signal edge
 SR-flip-flop, RS-flip-flop, D-flip-flop
 Characteristic curve
 Minimum operating time

COMTRADE VIEWER (SIGRA OR OTHER TOOLS)
 Comtrade format
 Import and configure the fault record in SIGRA
 Time signals
 Harmonic signals
 Binary signals
 RMS and Instantaneous values


Structure of the function group Voltage-current 3-phase
 FB General
 Operational measured values
 Process monitor
 Output logic of the function group
 Reset the LED group
 Rated current
 Rated voltage
 Rated apparent power
 Power-sys. neutral point
 P, Q sign

FUNCTION-GROUP CIRCUIT-BREAKER
 Interfaces with Measuring Points
 Rated normal current
 Current thresh. CB open
 Trip logic
 Trip/open cmd.
 Close command
 Acquisition of the Circuit-Breaker Information
 Acquisition blocking
 Manual Updating
 CB Ready
 Output time
 Indication of breaking values
 Manual Closure
 Action time
 Control

FAULTS
 Normal Operation of Power System
 Abnormal Condition of Power System
 Types of faults
 Cause of the fault in the power system equipment
 Short circuit type fault
 Short circuit with impedance
 Broken conductor fault
 Inter-circuit fault
 Cross-country fault
 Faults in overhead transmission lines
 Generator Stator Winding Faults
 Generator Rotor Circuit Faults
 Transformer faults
 Motor Thermal Failure
 Failure rate of power system equipment

FAULT SIMULATIONS
 Single line simulation
 Single-phase fault simulation
 Earth fault simulation
 Fault location effect on signals
 Phase-to-phase fault simulation
 RMS and Instantaneous signals
 Ph-Ph-E fault simulation
 3-phase fault simulation
 3-phase-E fault simulation
 Fault Zero sequence values
 Fault Negative sequence values
 Effect of fault impedance
 Fault impedance values
 Load effect
 Effect of source Impedance in fault signals
 Primary and secondary values

OVERCURRENT INVERSE TIME ANSI 51
 How OC relay works
 Overcurrent IT 51
 Overcurrent curves
 How to configure OC protection
 How to test OC protection

EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
 IE calculation
 IE measurements
 Config earth fault protection
 Earth log config in DIGSI 5

TEST EARTH FAULT PROTECTION FUNCTION
 Earth fault protection (ANSI 50N/51N)
 Set test sequence
 Inject earth fault values to the relay
 Monitor IE in the relay
 CT connection Types
 Monitor earth fault current in the SIPROTEC 5 relays with different CT Connection types
 Simulate several earth faults and test the function in the relay

NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CONFIG AND TEST
 Negative sequence protection function (ANSI 46)
 Config Neg Seq protection in SIPROEC 5
 Fault simulation and set test sequences
 Inject the values and monitor the Negative sequence signals
 Analyze relay logs and recorders

VOLTAGE PROTECTION CONFIG AND TEST
 Over/ under voltage protection function (ANSI 27/59)
 Config Overvoltage and under voltage
 Set test sequences
 Voltage protection testing
 Analyze fault logs and recorders

DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT PROTECTION
 Why Directional overcurrent protection
 How to config Directional overcurrent protection ANSI 67 in SIPROTEC 5
 Simulate fault in forward direction
 Simulate fault in backward direction
 Create test sequences to test Direction OC Protection
 Playback the signals and monitor the 67 function signals
 Check relay fault logs and records

67N DIR. OVERCURRENT PROTECTION GROUND
 Why 67N?
 How 67N works?
 How to config 67N?
 Fault simulation to test 67N
 Create test sequences to test 67N
 Test 67N with simulated signals
 Analyze relay fault logs with 67N operation
 Analyze fault record with 67N operation

CIRCUIT-BREAKER FAILURE PROTECTION
 Why 50BF Circuit-breaker failure protection
 CBF logic
 How to config CBF function
 CBF signals
 CBF Test in SIPROTEC 5
TCS AND CCS
 Trip circuit supervision with 1 & 2 binary inputs
 Closing-circuit supervision with 1 & 2 binary input
 How to config TCS and CCS in SIPROTEC 5 relays

DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION FUNCTION
 How does diff protection work
 High impedance differential protection function
 Low impedance diff protection

IMPENDENCE PROTECTION FUNCTIONS
 Why Impendence protection
 How the impedance protection function works

THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION
 Thermal Overload Protection, Rotor Config in DIGSI 5
 Overview & Structure of the Thermal Overload Protection
 Thermal Overload Protection settings
 Set test sequences to test the Thermal Overload Protection
 Logs and records for the Thermal Overload Protection
 Thermal Overload Protection signals

TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
 Why Transformer Protection
 Earth Fault on H.V. External Connections
 Phase-to-Phase Fault on H.V. External Connections Internal Earth Fault on H.V. Windings
 Internal Phase-to-Phase Fault on H.V. Windings Short Circuit Between Turns H.V. Windings
 Earth Fault on L.V. External Connections
 Phase-to-Phase Fault on L.V. External Connections Internal Earth Fault on L.V. Windings
 Internal Phase-to-Phase Fault on L.V. Windings Short Circuit Between Turns L.V. Windings
 Transformer Protection Scheme

TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
 Transformer Differential Protection
 Config Transformer Differential Protection in DIGSI 5
 Differential protection basics
 Restraint Differential protection
 Internal fault
 Internal fault (high-set element)
 Magnetizing current and blocking by 2nd harmonic
 External faults
 External faults with CT saturation
 Differential protection config in SIPROTEC 5 7UT

TRANSFORMER-RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT
 Why Transformer-Restricted Earth Fault (ANSI 87N)?
 How REF works?
 How to config Transformer-REF
 In zone and out zone faults

LINE PROTECTION
 Transmission Line Faults
 Line protection functions
 Why Use Distance Protection?
 How Distance protection works
 Distance Protection
 Distance measurement (principle)
 phase- phase -loop
 phase- ground -loop
 Load and short-circuit impedances
 Distance characteristics
 Stepped Distance protection

SIPROTEC 7SA8 CONFIGURATION
 SIPROTEC 7SA8 Application templates
 BI Config: Under Voltage blocking
 BI Config: PUTT receive signal
 BI Config: Channel PUTT faulty
 BI Config: DEF receive
 BI Config: DEF channel faulty
 BI Config: DS position for release STUB (DS Open)
 BI Config: CVT MCB Fail
 BI Config: CB Position
 User defined: SUB II Faulty
 BO Config: 1/3 pole Trip
 BO Config: Close Cmd
 BO Config: 85-21 PUTT send
 BO Config: 85-21 DEF send

FUNCTION-GROUP TYPE LINE
 Line data
 Operational measurement
 Process monitor
 Output logic of the function group
DISTANCE PROTECTION IN SIPROTEC 7SA8
 General
 Pickup method
 Distance zones (quadrilateral characteristic curve preconfigured)
 1-pole/3-pole output logic
 Ground-fault detectionDirection Determination

FAULT LOCATION
 Impedance-based fault location
 Set test sequences to test fault location
 Test fault location
 Check logs for fault location
AUTO-RECLOSER
 Why auto-recloser
 Auto-recloser config
 Set test sequences to test the Auto-recloser
 Test the auto-recloser function
 Check the relay logs for auto-recloser signals
SYNCHRONIZATION FUNCTION ANSI 25
 Synchronization logics
 How to configure the Synchronization function
 Set test sequences to test the Synchronization function
 Check the relay logs for the Synchronization function

BUSBAR PROTECTION
 Busbar Protection Introduction
 Busbar Differential Protection
 Install the 7SS85 device driver
 Configure a single Busbar arrangement in DIGSI 5
 Config 1.5 busbar arrangement in DIGSI 5
 Disconnector image
 Config double busbar arrangement in DIGSI 5

MOTOR PROTECTION
 Protection Functions for various fault types
 Motor starting
 Motor Protection ANSI code
 ANSI 50 / 51 – Phase overcurrent
 ANSI 50N / 51N or 50G/ 51G – Earth fault
 ANSI 46 – Negative sequence / unbalance
 ANSI 49RMS – Thermal overload
 ANSI 48 / 51LR /14 – Locked rotor / excessive starting time
 ANSI 66 – Starts per hour
 ANSI 38 / 49T – Temperature monitoring
 ANSI 27 – Undervoltage
 Motor protection single line diagram
 SIPROTEC motor protection connections

MOTOR-STARTING TIME SUPERVISION
 Motor-Starting Time Supervision config in DIGSI 5
 Overview & Structure of the Motor-Starting Time Supervision
 Set test sequences and playback the signals to the relay
 Monitor Motor-Starting Time Supervision signals
 Motor-Starting Time Supervision settings

MOTOR RESTART INHIBIT
 Motor Restart Inhibit Config in DIGSI 5
 Overview & Structure of the Motor Restart Inhibit
 Motor Restart Inhibit Settings
 Set test sequences to test the Motor restart inhibit function
 Logs and records for the motor restart inhibit
 Monitor Motor Restart Inhibit Signals

LOAD-JAM PROTECTION
 Load-Jam Protection Motor config in DIGSI 5
 Overview & Structure of the Load-Jam Protection Motor
 Load-Jam Protection Motor Settings
 Set test sequences to test the Load-Jam Protection
 Logs and records for the Load-Jam Protection
 Load-Jam Protection Motor signals

UNDERCURRENT PROTECTION
 Why under current protection
 How to config under current protection in DIGSI 5
 Set test sequences to test undercurrent protection
 Test undercurrent protection
 Check the relay logs for the undercurrent signals

GENERATOR PROTECTION
 Generator Introduction
 Generator connection
 Faults in Generators
 SC behavior in the Generator
 Generator Protection
 Generator Diff Protection ANSI 87G
 Under excitation ANSI 40G
 Over fluxing protection ANSI 24
 Over/ Under Frequency protection ANSI 81
 Reverse Power ANSI 32
 Negative Sequence ANSI46
PRACTICAL SECTION: OVER EXCITATION PROTECTION
 Why overexcitation protection
 How to configure overexcitation protection in DIGSI5
 Set test sequences to test the overexcitation protection
 Check the relay fault logs for the overexcitation protection
PRACTICAL SECTION: FREQUENCY PROTECTION
 Why frequency protection
 How to configure frequency protection functions
 Set test sequences to test frequency protection functions
 Test the frequency protection function
 Check the relay logs and records for the frequency protection signals
LCD CONFIG
 Add multiple display pages
 Fault display page
 Add a dynamic element to the display
 Add measurement values in the display

CFC
 Add CFC charts
 Create logic in the CFC
 Optimize the FC chart
 Compile the CFC chart
 Test CFC logic in offline
 Test CFC in online mode
 Current Supervision

POWER SYSTEM DATA
 Phase sequence
 Phase-sequence reversal
 Invert Phases
 Polarity of Current Transformers
 Matching ratio Vph / VN
 Disconnection of Measuring Points
 Current check I< threshold