Power System Protection

  • Course name: Power System Protection Basic to Advanced (Zero to here)
  • Course Code: P110 (face-to-face) and P111 (Online)
  • Mode of delivery: Face-to-face or online
  • Trainer: Dr. Saeed Roostaee (Profile)
  • Language: English
  • Duration: 5 days
  • Location: many locations (Dubai, Oman, Iraq, Iran, Malaysia, Turkey, …)
  • Online: MS Team

  • Designed for Utility and Power System Professionals.
  • This is a generic course not focused on any particular protection relay manufacturer, product, or product type.
  • Taking attendees from a basic understanding of the elementary concepts and fundamental principles of Power System Protection to an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of Power System Protection.
  • This course seminar will assist both experienced and inexperienced protection design technicians and engineers.

WHAT YOU WILL LEARN

This course is specifically designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the principles of power system protection design. Via a progressive “building block” approach, this seminar proceeds from the basic concepts, such as security, reliability, and duplication of power system protection through to a comprehensive consideration of the protection of the transmission system and power station plant. Thus, this seminar is specifically designed to meet the learning requirements of those who presently have only a fundamental knowledge of protection principles, while, via a progressive approach, also considering more advanced topics to provide valuable insight for those more experienced in the discipline of power system protection design. Hence, this seminar will assist both those whose day-to-day work involves them in the application of protection design, coordination, and relay setting and also those in less directly associated areas of electricity system design.

  • The introductory material covers the basic principles of protection design, reliability, security, and dependability as well as the implementation of unit and non-unit protection schemes, and remote, local, and dead zone backup schemes.
  • With this grounding, delegates learn the principles of fault level calculation, including a comprehensive, but easily comprehendible discussion of sequence components.
  • We now move to a consideration of the Time and Current coordination of IDMT Over Current and Earth Fault relays, considering also the application of directional functionality, Sensitive Earth Fault Protection, and the use and coordination of expulsion and HRC Fuses.
  • Then we discuss distance relay protection covering fundamental design aspects, and relay characteristics. We will also include the fundamental principles of distance relay permissive PUTT and POTT Inter-tripping schemes
  • After that, unit protection scheme discussions cover both the application of high-impedance differential schemes and biased low-impedance differential schemes. In considering the latter, with the specific application to transformer protection, the aspect of phase angle correction, zero sequence current correction, CT connection, and the application of microprocessor-based relays is considered in detail. The special application of high and low-impedance schemes to busbars is discussed.
  • And, finally, with a comprehensive consideration of generator protection, delegates will learn the principles of high-speed protection for generator stator and rotor faults (tripping as fast as possible), while developing an appreciation for the philosophy of actually tripping as slowly as permissible when the generator is exposed to events which have long time implications.
  • Protection Design Engineers, to identify protection implications and to ensure design, coordination, and relay setting principles provide the necessary levels of speed, security, dependability, and safety
  • Planning Engineers, to identify the difficulties in protecting various power system configurations under review
  • Maintenance Engineers, to ensure that system protection is not compromised as primary and/or secondary system plant is removed from service during maintenance
  • Circuitry Design Engineers, ensure that protective schemes are implemented in a manner to provides optimum performance
  • Commissioning and Project Management Engineers, to ensure the actual field installation of the protection scheme and associated relay settings meets the design requirements
  • Technicians, to understand the importance of their role in installing, testing, and maintaining effective, reliable, dependable, and secure protection systems

Course Details:

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

  • Dependability and Security
  • Speed of Protection
  • Protection Zones & Overlap
  • The “ART” of Protection
    • Unit Protection Principles
    • Non-Unit Protection Principles
  • Redundancy and Duplication of protection
    • Duplicate Main Protection
    • Main and Local Back-up Protection
    • Main and Remote Back-up Protection • CB Fail Protection and Blind Spot Protection

FAULT STUDIES AND SEQUENCE COMPONENTS

  • Introduction to Fault Analysis
  • Per Unit Methodology
  • Classical Fault Study
  • Sequence Components
    • Three Phase faults
    • Phase – Phase Faults
    • Single Phase Faults
    • Resistive Earth Faults
  • Transformers and Sequence Networks

OVER-CURRENT AND EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

  • Time & Current Discrimination
  • Relay Characteristics to IEC60255
  • Coordination Procedure
  • Instantaneous Elements
  • Grading Margins
  • Parallel Elements and OC Protection Grading
  • Directional Relays
  • Earth Fault Protection
  • Sensitive Earth Fault Protection
  • Fuses
  • Fuse and Relay Coordination

INTRODUCTION TO DISTANCE PROTECTION

  • Distance Zones, Time, and Reach Coordination
  • Simple Angle Comparators
  • Mho Circles
  • Polarizing for Close-In Faults
  • Zones of Protection – Circles and Quadrilaterals
  • Three-Phase Load Limit Performance
  • Comparator Configurations for:
    • 3 Phase and Phase-Phase Faults
    • Earth Faults with Ko compensation
  • Distance Relay Protection Signaling
    • Permissive Under Reach Transfer Tripping
    • Permissive Over Reach Transfer Tripping
  • Primary and Secondary Impedances
  • Simple Amplitude Comparators
  • Impedance Circles

TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

  • Buchholz and Pressure Relief Devices
  • Bias Differential Basic Principles
  • Stability under Magnetizing Inrush Conditions
  • Stability under / over Excitation Conditions
  • Stability with Transformer Phase Shifts
  • Stability under / through Earth Fault Conditions

BUSBAR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION

  • Central and Bay Unit Designs
  • Features to Accommodate Poor Quality CTs
  • Multiple Zone Applications
  • Allowance for Dynamic Switching of Plant
  • Voltage and Check Zone Interlocking
  • CB Fail and CB Fail Bus Trip Facilities
  • Blind Spot Fault Facilities
  • Multi Functionality

GENERATOR PROTECTION

  • Generator Differential Protection Schemes
  • Voltage Displacement Protection
  • Stator Earth Fault Protection (100%, 95%, and 3rd harmonic schemes)
  • Rotor Earth Fault Protection
  • Stator Overload Protection
  • Negative Phase Sequence (NPS) Protection
  • Over Voltage and Over Excitation Protection
  • Under Excitation Protection
  • Reverse Power Protection
  • Under and Over Frequency Protection
  • Out-of-Step Protection

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